Churn.



' No. 630,768. Patented Aug. 8, I899.

J. E. BENJAMIN.

CHURN.

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UNITED; STATES PA TENT FFIcE.

CHURN.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 630,768, dated August 8, 1899.

Application filed April 22, 1899.

T 60 whom it may concern;

Be it known that I, JOSEPH E. BENJAMIN, a citizen of the United States, residing atHubbell, in the county of Thayer and Sfate of Nebraska, have invented'certain new and useful Improvements in Churns; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same.

The present invention has relation to churns of the type operating by centrifugal action and the impact of the cream against the sides of the box, chamber, or body. The vital elem ent is a rotary dasher of frusto-conical, form arranged with the smaller end down and the larger base up, whereby a rapid rotation of the dasher lifts the cream bodily and throws it forcibly against the sides of the chamber through outlets in the sides of the dasher at its upper end. A deflector is used conjunct-ively with the dasher to arrest the upward ascent of the cream and-:direct it outwardly against the sides of the chamber.

The improvement and adjuncts will be described at length hereinafter and the novel features outlined in the claims and when comprehended will suggest advantages not mentioned herein and which are embraced within the purview of the invention.'.

The invention is susceptible of a variety of uses where a centrifugal apparatus is required. Hence in adapting it to meet particular needs it is to be understood that various changes in the form, proportion, and minor details of construct-ion may be resorted to without departing from the spirit or sacrificing any of the advantages of the invention.

For a full disclosure of the merits'and advantages of the invention reference is to be had to the following description and the attached drawings, in which Figure 1 is a perspective view of a churn embodying the invention. Fig. 2 is a side elevation,=the cover being thrown back. Fig. 3 is a vertical central section of the rotary dasher and head. Fig. 4 is a perspective view of the dasher and head, the dasher being turned to one side. Fig. 5 is aplan view of the dasher. Fig. 6 is a section of the dasher at right angles to Fig.' 3. T I

Corresponding and like parts are referred Serial No. 714,080. (No modehl to in the following description and indicated in all the views of the drawings by the same reference characters. 7

The churn body, chamber, or receptacle 1 may be constructed of any desiredv material and have any required shape and be of a size corresponding with the capacity of the machine. A fiange 2 surrounds the upper portion of the churn'body and is adapted to encircle .the sectional cover and prevent lateral movement thereof. The cover is composed of sections or parts 3, and 4, the latter being removable and the former hinged at one edge to a side of the body and carrying the power mechanism. Turn-buttons 5 or like fastenings are applied to the top edge of the flange 2 and are adapted to overlap the edge portions of the section-cover and hold the latter in place when the churn is in condition for active operation.

A. standard 6 is secured at its lower end to the section 3 of the cover and is provided at its upper end with an offstanding portion 7, to which the drive-Wheel 8 is journaled. A plate 9 is secured to the same section 3 with the standard 6 and projects so as t0, overlap the inner edge portion of the section. 1 and prevent upward displacement thereof. A shaft 10 is journaled vertically in the plate 9 and offstandin g portion 7 and is provided with a pinion 11 in meshing relation with the'cogteeth of the drive'wheel 8. .A collar 12 is applied to the shaft 10 and rests upon the plate 9 and prevents vertical displacement of the shaftafterthe parts have been properly assembled. A disk 13 is'secured to the lower end of the shaft 10 below the cover and has the rotary head 14 attached directly thereto.

The rotary head 14 is of circular outline and is provided centrally upon its lower face with a raised portion 15, which is adapted to enter and close the upper end of the rotary dasher 16 and prevent lateral movement thereof. The marginal portion exterior to the raised part is inclined outwardly and downwardly, as shown at 17, and constitutesv an annular deflector exterior to the rotary dasher. The face of the raised portion 15 is slightly convex, so as to give an initial 'out ward direction to the ascending current of.

cream when the churn is in operation. The

rotary dasher is hinged at one side to a side portion of the rotary head and is secured at its opposite side to the head by means of a spring-catch 18, which consists of a length of wire curved longitudinally and secured at its ends to the said head 14 and adapted to spring over the outer flange or wired edge of the dasher.

The rotary dasher is preferablyconstructed of sheet metal, although any material suitable for the purpose may be employed, and the dasher is of frusto-conical form and is arranged with its smaller end lowermost and its larger end uppermost. The taper or flare of the walls of the dasher may vary and will depend upon the capacity of the churn and the speed at which the dasher is to be driven. The upper or larger end of the dasher is reinforced by having a wire spun therein in the ordinary manner of wiring sheet-metal articles. This outer flange is adapted to engage under the spring-catch 1S and is adapted to pass through the staples 19, by means of which the dasher is hinged or pivotally connected with the head 14. A series of openings 20 are provided in the sides of the dasher at its upper end and constitute outlets for the ascending column of cream when the churn is in service. Adivider2l projectsinward from the sides of the rotary dasher and terminates a short distance from the plane of the top edge thereof. The purpose of this divider is to make positive engagement with the cream and cause the portion contained within the dasher to rotate therewith when the churn is in operation, so as to efliect the desired result and cause a vertical movement bodily of the cream when the dasher is rotated at the required speed. The precise formation of the divider is unimportant so long as it projects inward from the sides of the dasher. In its simplest form it consists of a partition or diaphragm centrally located and subdividing the dasher into vertical compartments which communicate at their upper ends.

In the operation of the churn the cream is supplied to the body or chamber 1, care being observed to prevent it rising above the openings 20. Upon rotating the dasher at a relatively high speed the cream contained therein is set in motion and rises by centrifugal action and is thrown outward against the sides of the body or chamber through the openings 20. Theannulardeflector17 causes the jets of cream issuing from the openings 20 to incline downwardly, thereby avoiding upward splashing to a marked degree. The impact of the cream against the sides of the body or chamber liberates the butter and is the salient feature in the churning operation.

Inasmuch as the cream is thrown in jets or in a finely-divided state against the side of the body, the operation is quickly performed and the butter is collected in a rapid manner.

Having thus described the invention, what is claimed as new is 1. In a churn, a dasher of frusto-conical form having its lowerend open and its upper end closed and having outlets in its sides immediately below the closed end and subdivided into vertical compartments which are in communication at their upper ends below the plane of the said outlets, and actuating mechanism for rotating the dasher at a relatively high speed, as and for the purpose described.

2. The combination with a dasher of frustoconical form having side outlets at its upper end, of a rotary head having the dasher applied thereto and having a marginal portion,

extending beyond the sides of the dasher and surrounding the ends of the said outlets and inclined outwardly and downwardly, substantially as described.

3. A frusto-conical dasher having side outlets at its upper end, in combination with a rotary head having a raised portion to enter the upper end of the dasher and formed with a marginal portion constituting a deflector, as and for the purpose set forth.

4c. A frusto-eonical dasher having side outlets at its upper end, in combination with a rotary head having a central raised portion to enter the upper end of the dasher with its face convex, and having a marginal portion exterior to the dasher and inclined forming a deflector, as and for the purpose specified.

5. The combination with a rotary head, a dasher hinged at one side to a side portion of said head, and a spring-catch applied to the opposite side portion of the head to engage with the portion of the dasher opposite its hinged joint, substantially as described.

6. The combination with a rotary head, a dasher of frusto-conical form having its upper end wired and provided in its sides with a series of openings, staples embracing a portion of the wired edge and hingedly connecting the dasher to the head, and a catch applied to said head and adapted to engage with the wired edge of the dasher to hold the latter in operative position, substantially as described.

In testimony whereof I aflix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

JOSEPH BENJAMIN.

Witnesses:

O. D. GooDnN, LoU A. CONKLIN.

ICC 

